About
Secured & Unsecured Loans
- A secured loan is one that is connected to a piece of collateral like a car or a home
- In a secured loan, the lender can take possession of the collateral if the loan is not repaid as agreed
- A secured loan will have lower interest rates compared to unsecured loans
- Car loan and mortgage are the most common types of secured loan
- An unsecured loan is not protected by any collateral
- The lender cannot automatically take your property even if you default on the loan
- Examples of unsecured loans are personal loan, credit card loan
TYPES OF LOANS
- Personal Loan
- Credit card loan
- Home Loan
- Car Loan
- Two wheeler Loan
- Education Loan
- Loan Against Insurance Schemes
- Loan Against Fixed Deposits
- Loan Against Mutual Funds and Shares
Personal Loan
- Personal loan is an unsecured loan taken by an individual from a bank or a non banking financial company to meet their personal needs
- Provided on the basis of key criteria such as income level, credit, employment history, repayment capcity, etc
- Personal loan is not secured against any asset and hence the lender cannot auction anything
- The interest rates on personal loans are higher than those on home, car or gold loans because of the higher perceived risk when sanctioning them
- Defaulting on a personal loan is not good as it would reflect in credit report and cause problems in future while applying for credit cards or other loans
Credit Card Loan
- A credit card allows you to defer payments by 20 to 50 days interest free
- But sometimes you may want to make larger purchases and pay it over a longer duration. Credit card loans are a good option for this
- Generally you get these loans immediately against your credit card without any documentation
- Can be used for any purpose like medical emergency, travel, wedding, etc
- There are different types of loans some within your credit limit and some even beyond a credit limit
- Can be paid back in easy instalments over a tenure of your own choice
Credit Card Loan
- A credit card allows you to defer payments by 20 to 50 days interest free
- But sometimes you may want to make larger purchases and pay it over a longer duration. Credit card loans are a good option for this
- Generally you get these loans immediately against your credit card without any documentation
- Can be used for any purpose like medical emergency, travel, wedding, etc
- There are different types of loans some within your credit limit and some even beyond a credit limit
- Can be paid back in easy instalments over a tenure of your own choice
Home Loan
- Taken generally for buying a house, flat, plot of land, for construction of house or renovation/extension to existing home
- It is a secured loan
- Your home will work as collateral
- Co applicant may be co-owner or co-borrower
- Generally 80% of the value of your home is granted as home loan
- The remaining 20% down payment needs to be funded on your own
- The home loan can be repaid over a period of time (generally 20 years) by means of equated monthly instalments
- Maximum loan tenure is 30 years or retirement, whichever is earlier
Features of Home Loan
- Interest Rate: Fixed and floating rate of interest are offered. Fixed rate remains constant throughout the loan tenure. Floating interest rates change with the market rate. Fixed interest rates are little higher than floating rates
- Tenure: Repayment tenures are longer (20 years) and hence less burden
- Repayment charges: Few banks charge repayment charges if you wish to repay the loan before the tenure is over
- Credit Score: Credit score of 750 and above are considered good and people with credit scores below 750 will not be granted loans
- Top-up loans: Top-up loans can be taken on existing home loan to fund for purposes like furnishing, reconstruction, etc. Maximum tenure for repayment of top-up loan is 15 years
Vehicle Loan
- Various criteria are considered for eligibility for loan like credit scores and income level
- Few key documents required for car loan are:
a)Identity and address proof documents
b)Signature proof documents
c)Income proof documents
- Most loan providers sanction amounts up to Rs 50 lakhs
- Actual total disbursement would not exceed 80% of the showroom price of the car
- Minimum tenor is generally 12 months and maximum tenor generally does not exceed 5 years
- Additionally processing fee and documentation charges would apply
Education Loan
- Education loan helps to bridge the gap between the required amount and shortfall for your education goals
- Covers basic course fees and related expenses like accommodation, exam and other miscellaneous charges
- Student is the main applicant. The parent, spouse or sibling can be co-applicant
- Offered to students who want to pursue education in India or abroad
- Education loan can be taken for full time, part time or vocational courses and graduation or post graduation courses
Education Loan
- Education loan helps to bridge the gap between the required amount and shortfall for your education goals
- Covers basic course fees and related expenses like accommodation, exam and other miscellaneous charges
- Student is the main applicant. The parent, spouse or sibling can be co-applicant
- Offered to students who want to pursue education in India or abroad
- Education loan can be taken for full time, part time or vocational courses and graduation or post graduation courses
Credit Scores
- Credit score is a statistical 3 digit number that evaluates a person’s credit worthiness
- Credit scores are based on credit history
- Credit scores generally range between 300 to 850
- The higher the credit score, the more financially trustworthy the person is considered to be
- The higher the credit score, higher the chances of getting approval while applying for loans
How to Build Credit Score
- Repayments of previous loans on time
- Lower number of unsecured loans
- Credit cards limits not used fully every month
- Not taking too many loans
- Not applying to multiple banks for the same loan
- Monitor Guarantees and Add ons
- Close unused credit accounts and automate payments
- Credit scores above 750 considered good.
To reduce Tenure or EMI?
- While making prepayments to your loan, your total loan amount would reduce
- You would have to choose whether to reduce EMI or loan tenure
- If you can afford the current EMI’s, it is always a good idea to reduce tenure of the loan and keep EMI constant
- In case you cannot afford the current EMI’s, then go for option of reducing the EMI and keeping the loan tenure constant
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